Letters of Recommendation: What Students (and Parents) Should Know

If you’re a high school junior, you’ve probably started to hear a lot about essays, test scores, and extracurriculars. But one piece of the application that’s often overlooked—and incredibly important—is the letter of recommendation.

As a college counselor, I spend a lot of time helping students present the best version of themselves through their applications. But letters of recommendation? That’s the part they don’t write. And often, that’s where admissions officers get their most meaningful insight into who a student really is.

Why Do Letters of Recommendation Matter?

Strong letters provide context and depth. They help colleges understand how a student engages in the classroom, how they handle challenges, and what makes them memorable. A teacher might highlight a student's intellectual curiosity, their kindness toward classmates, or their persistence through personal obstacles—things that don’t always show up in grades or test scores.

Some of the most powerful letters come from teachers who can say, “My class wouldn’t have been the same without this student.”

When to Start Thinking About Recommendations

I encourage students to begin thinking about potential recommenders by spring of junior year. By this time, you’ve had a chance to build relationships with your teachers and reflect on which classes you’ve thrived in.

Keep showing up, participating, and engaging for the rest of the year. Your job is to leave a lasting, positive impression.

Most students will formally ask teachers for recommendations either just before summer break or in the early fall of senior year. Earlier is better—teachers are busy, and they appreciate the time to reflect and write thoughtful letters.

Who Should You Ask?

A few key guidelines:

• Choose teachers from core academic subjects (English, math, science, history, or language).

• Prefer 11th-grade teachers. They’ve seen the most current version of you and can speak to your recent academic performance.

• Pick someone who really knows you. It’s not just about getting an A—it’s about the connection you built and the insight they can share.

Also, be mindful of the requirements at specific colleges. For example, some schools (like MIT) require letters from both a STEM and a humanities teacher. Make sure your recommenders align with the expectations of your college list.

How to Ask

Don’t overthink it—but make it personal. The best approach is a one-on-one conversation, ideally after class or during office hours.

What to say? Keep it honest and specific:

1. Explain why you’re asking them.

2. Mention something meaningful from your time in their class.

3. Ask clearly: “Would you consider writing me a strong letter of recommendation for my college applications?”

This thoughtful approach not only makes your request stand out—it gives the teacher valuable insight into what you hope they’ll include.

Don’t Forget the Follow-Up

If your teacher asks for a resume, brag sheet, or questionnaire—complete it promptly and thoroughly. And always follow up with a thank-you note. A little gratitude goes a long way.

Final Thoughts

Letters of recommendation give colleges a glimpse into how a student shows up in the real world. They reflect character, work ethic, and intellectual engagement. When done right, they become one of the most powerful tools in the application process.

Choose wisely. Ask thoughtfully. And trust that your teachers want to help you shine.